4,120 research outputs found
The effect on Fisher-KPP propagation in a cylinder with fast diffusion on the boundary
In this paper we consider a reaction-diffusion equation of Fisher-KPP type
inside an infinite cylindrical domain in , coupled with a
reaction-diffusion equation on the boundary of the domain, where potentially
fast diffusion is allowed. We will study the existence of an asymptotic speed
of propagation for solutions of the Cauchy problem associated with such system,
as well as the dependence of this speed on the diffusivity at the boundary and
the amplitude of the cylinder.
When the domain reduces to a strip between two straight lines. This
models the effect of two roads with fast diffusion on a strip-shaped field
bounded by them.Comment: 31 pages, 3 figure
Set Unification
The unification problem in algebras capable of describing sets has been
tackled, directly or indirectly, by many researchers and it finds important
applications in various research areas--e.g., deductive databases, theorem
proving, static analysis, rapid software prototyping. The various solutions
proposed are spread across a large literature. In this paper we provide a
uniform presentation of unification of sets, formalizing it at the level of set
theory. We address the problem of deciding existence of solutions at an
abstract level. This provides also the ability to classify different types of
set unification problems. Unification algorithms are uniformly proposed to
solve the unification problem in each of such classes.
The algorithms presented are partly drawn from the literature--and properly
revisited and analyzed--and partly novel proposals. In particular, we present a
new goal-driven algorithm for general ACI1 unification and a new simpler
algorithm for general (Ab)(Cl) unification.Comment: 58 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. To appear in Theory and Practice of
Logic Programming (TPLP
Stochastic learning in co-ordination games : a simulation approach
In the presence of externalities, consumption behaviour depends on the solution of a co-ordination problem. In our paper we suggest a learning approach to the study of co-ordination in consumption contexts where agents adjust their choices on the basis of the reinforcement (payoff) they receive during the game. The results of simulations allowed us to distinguish the roles of different aspects of learning in enabling co-ordination within a population of agents. Our main results highlight: 1. the role played by the speed of learning in determining failures of the co-ordination process; 2. the effect of forgetting past experiences on the speed of the co-ordination process; 3. the role of experimentation in bringing the process of co-ordination into an efficient equilibrium
Progetto dell'interramento della linea ferroviaria Pistoia-Lucca in corrispondenza di Altopascio
E' stata studiata la realizzazione del raddopio della linea ferroviaria Lucca Pistoia prevedendo l'interramento della stessa in corrispondenza del centro abitato di Altopascio senza causare interruzzioni alla circolazione viaria e ferroviaria
Reconsidering the dual nature of property rights: personal property and capital in the law and economics of property rights
In the last two decades, a renewed interest in property rights have challenged the accepted interpretation of property rights as âbundle of rightsâ over the use of things and have rehabilitated the old classical interpretation of property rights as exclusive (absolute) dominium over things rooted in the right to exclude. This paper provides a three-dimensional framework for the study of property rights and shows that, historically, the reason for this dual nature of property rights derives from the fact that properties can either be treated as personal property, or capital. While the classical approach is consistent with the former interpretation, the neoclassical (âbundle of rightâ) approach is consistent with the latter. By reinterpreting the dual nature of property rights as a dichotomy between capital and personal property the work makes two main contributions to the debates in the legal and economic literature. First, it re-evaluates and justifies the interpretation of property rights as a âpolitically-embeddedâ bundle of right provided by legal realist, old progressive and institutional economists at the turn of the twentieth century. Second, it reassesses the conclusions reached by the Coasean legacy in law and economics; the paper shows that transaction costs are necessary and sufficient to explain the emergence and the form of legal institutions only in pure capitalistic societies, but cannot explain the emergence and the nature of legal institutions whenever personal properties are involved. Additional normative assumptions explaining the origin and the legitimacy of value judgments are needed to understand and explain the dual nature of property rights and to make sense of the decisions to employ personal properties as capital (or vice versa). This highlights the often neglected (but decisive) role played by the rationality assumption in legitimizing the normative conclusions reached by Coasean law and economics (and welfare economics more generally). It also highlights that the normative power of transaction costs is always institution determined (socially-embedded), never institution-determinin
Zinc oxide nanowires decorated with gold nanorods for photovoltaic applications
Le celle solari plasmoniche utilizzano il fenomeno della LSPR (Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance) per aumentare l'assorbimento di luce. Effetti legati alla LSPR consentono di creare un maggior numero di coppie elettrone-lacuna nel semiconduttore. Nanorods di oro con comportamento plasmonico sono stati depositati su nanowires di ossido di zinco. Un aumento dell'assorbimento di luce dovuto a bande plasmoniche è stato identificato, cosà  come un effetto sulla fotoluminescenza.ope
Ground-state of graphene in the presence of random charged impurities
We calculate the carrier density dependent ground state properties of
graphene in the presence of random charged impurities in the substrate taking
into account disorder and interaction effects non-perturbatively on an equal
footing in a self-consistent theoretical formalism. We provide detailed
quantitative results on the dependence of the disorder-induced spatially
inhomogeneous two-dimensional carrier density distribution on the external gate
bias, the impurity density, and the impurity location. We find that the
interplay between disorder and interaction is strong, particularly at lower
impurity densities. We show that for the currently available typical graphene
samples, inhomogeneity dominates graphene physics at low (
cm) carrier density with the density fluctuations becoming larger than
the average density.Comment: Final version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Spatially dependent Kondo effect in Quantum Corrals
We study the Kondo screening of a single magnetic impurity inside a
non-magnetic quantum corral located on the surface of a metallic host system.
We show that the spatial structure of the corral's eigenmodes lead to a
spatially dependent Kondo effect whose signatures are spatial variations of the
Kondo temperature, . Moreover, we predict that the Kondo screening is
accompanied by the formation of multiple Kondo resonances with characteristic
spatial patterns. Our results open new possibilities to manipulate and explore
the Kondo effect by using quantum corrals.Comment: 4 pages 5 figure
Spontaneous interlayer superfluidity in bilayer systems of cold polar molecules
Quantum degenerate cold-atom gases provide a remarkable opportunity to study
strongly interacting systems. Recent experimental progress in producing
ultracold polar molecules with a net electric dipole moment opens up new
possibilities to realize novel quantum phases governed by the long-range and
anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions. In this work we predict the existence
of experimentally observable novel broken-symmetry states with spontaneous
interlayer coherence in cold polar molecules. These exotic states appear due to
strong repulsive interlayer interactions and exhibit properties of superfluids,
ferromagnets and excitonic condensates.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, final versio
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